Who is Jesus? Luke 2:41-52

Who Is Jesus?  •  Sermon  •  Submitted   •  Presented
0 ratings
· 3 views

Epiphany is about discovery. It is a sudden breakthrough of realization about something. During the season of Epiphany, our subject of discover is the identity of Jesus. This baby whose birth we celebrate at Christmas, was no ordinary child. He was human, but He was also God. This season we will look behind Jesus childhood and the beginning of His ministry looking for the gems that reveal that He was more than an ordinary person. He was in fact, God incarnate.

Notes
Transcript
Welcome and Announcements:
(IF VISITORS)
If you are joining us for the first time today, we would like to thank you for joining us. We know you have options, and we are honored that you would choose to be with us today.
D. S. Search/scripture - see ppt screen
February 2, Faith Promise Sunday, Jose Acosta, Peru
February 8, Eileen Larkin Memorial Service, 11 a.m. with Potluck following, Bring cards for her nephew Mike.
4 p.m. Prayer Group or begin your own
Opening Scripture
Philippians 2:1–11 NRSV
1 If then there is any encouragement in Christ, any consolation from love, any sharing in the Spirit, any compassion and sympathy, 2 make my joy complete: be of the same mind, having the same love, being in full accord and of one mind. 3 Do nothing from selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility regard others as better than yourselves. 4 Let each of you look not to your own interests, but to the interests of others. 5 Let the same mind be in you that was in Christ Jesus, 6 who, though he was in the form of God, did not regard equality with God as something to be exploited, 7 but emptied himself, taking the form of a slave, being born in human likeness. And being found in human form, 8 he humbled himself and became obedient to the point of death— even death on a cross. 9 Therefore God also highly exalted him and gave him the name that is above every name, 10 so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bend, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
Prayer
Worship Set
Prayer
Worship Through the Word:

Who Is Jesus?

If you adopted a child at a very young age, or gave birth to a child out of wedlock and the father is estranged, there is a very difficult issue you face.  At what age do you confront your child with the information about their absent parent(s)?  How do you begin the conversation?  I know how difficult this can be.  I was a single mom.  My son’s father parted from me while I was pregnant and so my son grew up never having met his father.  As a baby, he was too young to do anything about it, but eventually, things just became so routine, that I forgot about it.  Unfortunately, it came up when a teacher asked the kids at school about the occupation of their fathers.  My son swiftly stated he did not have a father, to which the other children stated that everyone has a father!  Before the day was out, his teacher called me and apologized for the situation.  However, it wasn’t her fault.  It was negligent on my part not to have addressed it sooner.
I suspect it was somewhat the same for Joseph and Mary.  The days of Jesus birth with all its spectacular occurrences were 10-12 years in the past.  Life had fallen into a routine for them.  Their routine was just like any other normal Jewish household of their day.  However, Jesus would quickly reveal that He had no misunderstanding of who He was.  Please stand with me as we read today’s text.
Luke 2:41–52 NIV
41 Every year Jesus’ parents went to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover. 42 When he was twelve years old, they went up to the festival, according to the custom. 43 After the festival was over, while his parents were returning home, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem, but they were unaware of it. 44 Thinking he was in their company, they traveled on for a day. Then they began looking for him among their relatives and friends. 45 When they did not find him, they went back to Jerusalem to look for him. 46 After three days they found him in the temple courts, sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions. 47 Everyone who heard him was amazed at his understanding and his answers. 48 When his parents saw him, they were astonished. His mother said to him, “Son, why have you treated us like this? Your father and I have been anxiously searching for you.” 49 “Why were you searching for me?” he asked. “Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?” 50 But they did not understand what he was saying to them. 51 Then he went down to Nazareth with them and was obedient to them. But his mother treasured all these things in her heart. 52 And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man.
The Word of God for the people of God.  Thanks be to God!
Father, please bless this Word which you have provided and which we now receive. Amen!

I.  Jesus Was Never Confused About His Identity. 

The details of Jesus begin with an explosion of accounts.  Zechariah’s angelic messenger revealing Zechariah’s wife would give birth to a son, the prophesied forerunner to the Messiah.  Mary’s angelic visit and Joseph’s dreams.  Jesus’ birth and the visits from shepherds and wisemen.  Then we hear of Jesus’s circumcision and later presentation at the temple as all faithful Jews practiced.  Then His life account jumps to today’s account, and we hear nothing more until he walks into the vicinity of Jerusalem as a man of 30 years. 
What was happening all those years?  Well Luke tells us.  Luke 2:52
Luke 2:52 NIV
52 And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man.
Jesus was growing up and learning to be an adult like any of us do.  It does not shock me that we only hear of Jesus at age 12.  The age of twelve is one that I believe is very significant both then and now.  Why?  Because…

A.  Twelve Years is the Age of  Accountability Luke 2:41-42

Luke 2:41–42 NIV
41 Every year Jesus’ parents went to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover. 42 When he was twelve years old, they went up to the festival, according to the custom.
Every year Joseph and Mary made this journey without incident.  But this year was going to be different.  You see, Jesus is now 12 years old.  There is a reason why we are told his age, and it is because of the significance it has for what takes place.  You see, in the Jewish culture, this is the...

1.  Jewish year for personal  accountability  under the  Law .

I am sure you have all heard the term, Bar Mitzvah.  I am not sure you understand exactly what it is about.  At the age of 12 (in Jesus’ day), this is the year when young people became accountable for themselves under the law.  They took responsibility for actions.  They were considered adults.  A Bar Mitzvah is a ceremony and celebration of this moment, still practiced today.  Jesus would have felt the tug that every teen does, an eagerness to be more independent.  This is perhaps why Jesus felt free to remain at the temple without his parents.  He would have been given more freedom by his parents at this age, which probably explains why they did not miss him sooner.
However, some of this same idea transcends the Jewish culture as we find that...

2.  Age 12 is understood symbolically, to be the year of accountability  spiritually  in the Christian faith.

In both the Christian and Jewish tradition, a person who dies under a certain age is not believed to suffer hell but enjoy heaven.  The age is loosely stated as age 12, give or take based on a child’s maturity level.  It is not age that matters, but their ability to reason enough to understand what sin is and have enough maturity to understand the consequences of their choices.  We have similar practices in our judicial system. When a teenager commits a crime, the Prosecutor seeks to determine how much the youth understands about the consequences of their crime.  They then decide whether to try them as a child or as an adult based on how responsible they deem them to be for their actions.   God does not judge based on age either, but on mature understanding.  To understand this better, we must understand what constitutes sin.  We are each born with a sin nature.  In other words, the inclination is there, and it does not take much to stroke it into play.
Ex:  You may love candy and understand it is bad for you.  However, if I set a dish of candy in front of you, do you ignore it, or does it call your name? 😊 We all know the answer to that.  It is a temptation because we love it and we are more inclined to ignore our mind and eat the thing to satisfy our palette.  😊That is what our sin nature is like.  It takes work and discipline to overcome our desires. 
However, God does not judge us because we are tempted, we are only judged when we willfully commit the sin action.  Sin is a rebellious action against God or God’s Law.  Children are born with a sin nature.  They often act out their temptations but with no real understanding of the consequences.  You can tell a 3-year-old that candy is bad for you, all you want.  They do not comprehend it.  They just know they want it.  Their rebellion is not specifically directed at you.  Their rebellion is an act of frustration because they do not understand why you will not allow them to have the candy.  Likewise, a child is not directly rebelling against God.  It is just testing the world to learn.  Therefore, a child’s actions are not considered sinful acts, as we would describe sin, though they are actions of a sinful nature.  The age of accountability is the age at which time a child understands his actions are wrong and willfully chooses to do it anyway.  It is not a learning experience, but a rebellious action of autonomy.  Once they have this understanding, they are stated to be at the age of accountability.  They become responsible for their actions.  The reason this usually takes place at around age 12 is because…

3.  Age 12 is often when  abstract  reasoning begins.

To understand this, we must understand concrete from abstract thinking.  “Concrete understanding involves perceiving and interpreting objects and experiences directly through the senses, while abstract understanding involves thinking about complex concepts and ideas without being tied to specific examples or experiences.”
If I show a child a car, they can see that the round tire moves the vehicle.  An abstract understanding would be able to understand the deeper science behind that basic truth, even if the wagon or car was not sitting in front of them.  They can reason why something round allows an object to move even without seeing it.
When I was a children’s pastor, my favorite grades to teach were 5th and 6th graders.  I watched as they often had “Ah-Ha moments!”  I used to ask open-ended questions, and you could just see the wheels working in their minds.  They would get this look on their face and you knew they were deep in thought.  After a moment of thought, their faces would brighten and they would make a declaration, or their faces would screw up and they would give a tentative answer as they sought to understand.  When something clicked for them, they would get so excited!  Life is becoming a new adventure at this point because abstract reasoning allows them to have greater understanding of life in general.  Abstract reasoning is what is needed to understand sin.  It is this ability to think abstractly that moves a child into an age of accountability.  This is also why…

4.  It is the age when kids begin to  pull   away  from their parents seeking  independence .

This is in part, what moves them to pull away from their parents.  As parents, we become used to giving them all the answers, but now they feel a need to learn for themselves.  To explore and think and try new things.  This is why they often seek alone time.  Their minds are busy abstractly trying to figure out the world, their family, their friends, and themselves.  The pulling away isn’t wrong, however, we need to help them understand how to do so appropriately.  When they begin to pull away, it should que us that the time is right for some changes.

5.  It is an important age to establish new  boundaries  and increase  responsibilities .

We need to find appropriate ways to give them more freedom, while also increasing responsibility.  This is not always easy on us as parents.  But it is key to their development. 
Jesus was God incarnate.  That means he was human and exploring all these same experiences.  It is important to understand that…

B.  Jesus Was a  Typical  Teenager.  Luke 2:43-45

As we continue with this passage, we need to remember this.
Luke 2:43–45 NIV
43 After the festival was over, while his parents were returning home, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem, but they were unaware of it. 44 Thinking he was in their company, they traveled on for a day. Then they began looking for him among their relatives and friends. 45 When they did not find him, they went back to Jerusalem to look for him.
Jesus, understanding that he was now at that age of accountability, assumed he had more freedom.  At least, this is the way I anticipate it due to my years of experience with this age group.  He was not purposely evading them.  He was fascinated, as we will see shortly, with what was occurring in the temple.  Since he was of the age considered an adult, and responsible under the Law, he felt he had the right to be here learning about the Law.  As a human, he did not have omniscient abilities, allowing him to see the concern this posed for his parents.  His actions were not of a rebellious nature.  He was just exploring this new stage of independence like any 18-year-old does today.   However, like most parents, they were not prepared for full independence just yet.  Independence comes in stages between parents and teens, and teens are usually slow to understand this.
I suspect we all have stories about our kids at this stage.  In our culture, it is 18, not 12, when we consider them adults.  However, we use adult loosely.  I know that when my son turned 18, he suddenly stopped obeying the house rules.  He thought that since he was 18, they no longer applied.  I had to let him know that as far as I was concerned, if he was still in school and under my roof, there were certain rules that remained in play.  So, in Jesus’ mind, He had no clue that anything was wrong. 
However, we can tell by the details that...

1.  Jesus was obviously  well   behaved. 

This is evident in the fact that it took a full day before his parents noticed his absence.  I am sure they had more children by this time.  We know that Jesus had several brothers and sisters. It would be abnormal to not have more kids within 12 years.  So, they would not have been concerned with Jesus until the caravan settled down.
Keep in mind that travel was not always safe in those days.  During these times of the Jewish festivals, there were many people traveling, and they traveled together for safety and companionship.  It would have been a festival atmosphere with lots of visiting among friends and family as they traveled.  However, come time to end the journey, there would have been overnight shelters to set up, dinner to prepare, children to get settled down.  As the oldest, Jesus was probably looked to for help with these nightly camping chores.  Perhaps Mary said, Joseph, can you send Jesus out to get some firewood when he gets here?  However, before long it becomes apparent, he isn’t showing up.  They begin making inquiries.  There were no cell phones to call him.  No telegraph.  Not even a megaphone.  Perhaps the older brother or sisters were sent up and down the line asking for him and soon they return to report that no one has seen him.  Here we find that... 

2.  Jesus’ parents  respond  like any parent would.

Their concern would continue to grow as the night fell.  I suspect they spent a sleepless night as they wrestled with the fear that they most certainly felt.  Anyone who has been a parent has probably faced this situation at least once, probably multiple times.  I woke from a nap one time, and it took me half an hour to find Jacob.  I have never known fear like I knew in that moment.  Another time in a store, he thought it was funny to duck in the middle of some clothes and hide.  It was a game for him, but he quickly learned it was not a fun game!
We can all identify with the fear that Joseph and Mary felt that night.  They swiftly headed back, but they had to continue to question people along the way to make sure they didn’t pass him by.  This would delay what was originally a day’s journey.  When they arrive in Jerusalem, it is crowded with people, buildings, and alleys.  They probably checked with any friends or family in the area first.  Then all the marketplaces and alleys.  Eventually, they make their way to the temple.  It is difficult to know if it was another place to look or if they were coming there to pray.  However, it was there that they found him.  He was doing the last thing most would expect a 12-year-old to do.  You see,

C.  Jesus Had a Desire to Grow  Spiritually .  Luke 2:46-47

Luke 2:46–47 NIV
46 After three days they found him in the temple courts, sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions. 47 Everyone who heard him was amazed at his understanding and his answers.
You must wonder how that works.  He ultimately was God!  However, as we saw in Philippians 2, He emptied Himself of those things that made Him God.  He was not omniscient in this form.  He did not see or feel the fear of Mary and Joseph.  He had no idea about the trouble he had caused them.  He just felt a hunger to learn and understand.  Jerusalem was the hub for all the great teachers of the Law and the scriptures.  It was a daily occurrence that many would huddle, either sitting or standing around the temple discussing the scriptures and Laws.  Jesus was full of questions and eager to learn. 
I have often wondered what he did each night that he was there.  Did he find a corner of the temple to sleep in?  Did it give him a sense of nearness to His true Father to be there?  I have no idea.  I cannot answer that.  Perhaps one of the teachers asked him over for dinner and to spend the night, fascinated by this one so young, yet so eager.  Perhaps they saw him as a future student.  A protege.  Many teachers of the law sought after pupils who they felt could be a feather in their cap. 
Whatever the situation was, we do not know. But we do see that...

1.  Jesus was already focused on  spiritual  things over  worldly  things.

Most boys of his age would have been out together in the marketplace, or in some open square playing together.  However, we see that Jesus was already focused on spiritual things, not the things that most would be drawn to.
We often do not see children or youth having such a spiritual desire, but I would state that this is often inspired by upbringing.  When children are exposed to the church and Biblical teaching, they often do show an interest.  In fact, children in such environments often give their hearts to the Lord at a very young age.  Even when they later drift from it, their early disposition towards God seems to call to them as they grow older.  Many return to church after they are married or after they have kids.
We often see this drifting away begin around the age of 12.  This is because the world is becoming more interesting.  It presents them with so many adventures.  I hate to say it, but I believe the church is to blame.  We do not challenge them enough at this age.  Too many sell children and teens short on what they can understand or even be interested in.  However, a life with God is an adventure, but we fail to demonstrate this to youth.  We fail to give them opportunities to discover this adventure because we do not challenge them enough.
When I was a children’s pastor, my most popular class was an elective.  It was Catechism.  I only taught it to 5th and 6th graders.  I used the same curriculum that my colleagues did, but they all told me they were not sure how I had such success with the class.  They often taught it as a Sunday school class and the kids did not show up most of the time.  Mine was an elective after normal hours and I had great attendance.  The kids even talked about the class outside of class to others.  I believe the difference is how I began the class.  I used a tool that helped them to understand that this class and the relationship they began with God would have a great impact on their life.  Once they understood that, they felt it was worth their time and threw themselves into it. 
I personally, was fortunate that I had parents who talked about God all the time.  Everything we did or said as well as everything we observed in the world, were spoken of in conjunction with God and God’s Word.  When I went to the Bible college, I had several professors tell me that it was evident that I had a solid Christian upbringing.  It was apparent due to my passion for God and the Word of God, as well as my understanding of the Word.  Godly parents who are passionate about God and His Word, help develop children with the same passion.  Preschool age is a great time to see children come to the Lord, and I would say that age 11/12 is a great time to see them develop a passion for God.  This in turn provides a dynamic youth group that has a passion to spread the gospel.  I had more than one youth pastor tell me as much.  They noticed a difference when children pastors had provided solid biblical foundations with the youth promoting into their classes.
A common misunderstanding of this passage of scripture has to do with what Jesus was doing.  We need to understand that...

2.  Jesus was  learning  not  teaching .

Many artists often depict this moment with Jesus in the middle of a circle of teachers.  More likely, a teacher was probably at the center and a group standing around him.  Jesus would have pushed through to the front to see and hear better; however, he was greatly engaged in the subject and asking questions.  When they asked questions back, his comprehension and understanding would have fascinated and engaged his teachers. 
Now, allow me to return to the question, how can God as Jesus, grow spiritually?  As I said earlier, and according to Philippians, he emptied himself of those things to live and experience everything we do.  That included growing in his spiritual knowledge and relationship with God.  In verse 52, it says he grew in favor with God as well as with man.  That means, he took time like any of us would, to spend time with God.  To question and seek God and God’s will. 
On this day, I am sure he was learning to understand God’s word, but he was also probably growing in his understanding of man and man’s understanding of scripture as well.  Like any of us, he had to learn before he could teach.  He had to understand our understanding to help us see where we were getting it wrong.  He was learning to listen and learning to communicate with others.  All these things were essential in his upbringing to prepare him for ministry.
Yet we also notice that...

3.  Jesus demonstrated  understanding  beyond their expectation.

First, as stated before, people often sell young people short.  They can understand far more than we give them credit for.  They can also do far more than we often expect of them.  I am sure that other youth of Jesus’ time had the capacity that Jesus had to understand, Jesus just had more interest in the subject in that moment.  Or perhaps he just pushed more.  Which brings me to my next point.

D.  Jesus Comprehended His  Identity .  Luke 2:48-50

Luke 2:48–50 NIV
48 When his parents saw him, they were astonished. His mother said to him, “Son, why have you treated us like this? Your father and I have been anxiously searching for you.” 49 “Why were you searching for me?” he asked. “Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?” 50 But they did not understand what he was saying to them.
This brings us back to my opening statements about how old a child must be to comprehend natural parents over adopted parents, or the subject of parents in general.  At what age, did Jesus become aware of His true Father?  Perhaps it was on this trip, though I think His confidence implies he had understood for some time.  It is apparent, that He knows exactly who His Father was and even at this time in His life, and He had a desire to spend time with His heavenly Father.  This desire to be alone with His Father is seen throughout His life.  However, Jesus was always respectful to his earthly parents as demonstrated next.

1.  Jesus had a  private  conversation with His earthly parents. 

When Jesus answers his mother regarding His heavenly Father, I do not believe this was a loud declaration before the crowd.   I see it occurring like this.  Upon finding Jesus, Joseph and Mary pull or signal him away from the group.  They take him over to a side of the room where Mary scolds Jesus and Jesus responds to the two people whom He knows will understand.  It was always respectful yet…

2.  Jesus  affirms  His true Father to His parents.

Jesus in turn may be reminding them.  Just like an adoptive parent, Joseph and Mary would get accustomed to their relationship as his parents and it would be easy to forget that his birth was not of natural causes.  Joseph is not a blood parent, though Mary is.  However, Jesus has a different role to play.  One which he will remind Mary of on various occasions.  However, again we find Jesus obedient as he leaves with Joseph and Mary.  You see,

3.  Jesus understood He had  nothing  to prove to those who didn’t understand.

Joseph and Mary had some understanding, but not complete understanding.  I do not believe Jesus made his declaration in a scolding or hurtful way.  I just think he did not comprehend that they did not fully understand all that he understood.  However, instead of arguing with them.  He just honored them by respecting their authority, even though He already comprehended His true identity.  In all these things we find that...

E.  Jesus Had a  Normal  Upbringing.  Luke 2:51-52

Luke 2:51–52 NIV
51 Then he went down to Nazareth with them and was obedient to them. But his mother treasured all these things in her heart. 52 And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and man.

1.  Jesus  respected  authority.

Hebrews 5:7-9says,
Hebrews 5:7–9 NIV
7 During the days of Jesus’ life on earth, he offered up prayers and petitions with fervent cries and tears to the one who could save him from death, and he was heard because of his reverent submission. 8 Son though he was, he learned obedience from what he suffered 9 and, once made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him.
Jesus learned to submit first to His earthly parents and then to God.  When we train our children to respect us and those in authority, we are also preparing them for a good relationship with God.  It is not easy.  It is complex, because we need to balance it with growing their confidence in themselves and who God created them to be.  When people trust God and have confidence in who God created them to be, they have nothing to prove, and it becomes easier to submit to others.  Jesus knew who He was.  He did not need to prove it to anyone, and He never tried.  He spoke the truth to those who would listen.  Out of compassion, many saw demonstrations of who He was, but He never performed miracles out of a need to prove himself.  He knew who He was and what he had come to accomplish.  As we saw in that last passage, it was not easy for him.  He cried fervent tears and poured out his heart before His heavenly Father about what was coming.  He knew the pain that He would suffer, and He didn’t relish it any more than you or I would.  He was human just like us.  He felt pain and anticipated pain, just like us.  Yet he held his ground and continued all the way to the cross.  I do not want to belabor the point, but it is important to understand that…

2.  Jesus grew in all the same ways any  human  does.  Luke 2:52; Hebrews 4:15-16; 1 Peter 4:1-2

1 Peter 4:1–2 NIV
1 Therefore, since Christ suffered in his body, arm yourselves also with the same attitude, because whoever suffers in the body is done with sin. 2 As a result, they do not live the rest of their earthly lives for evil human desires, but rather for the will of God.
I have often heard it said, even if I were to find there is no God, I would choose to live as if there were because it leads to a good life!  I agree, yet I also have no doubt about God.  I believe He is what makes it a good life!
Hebrews 4:15–16 NIV
15 For we do not have a high priest who is unable to empathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are—yet he did not sin. 16 Let us then approach God’s throne of grace with confidence, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.
Jesus was God, but we should never discount that in this moment in world history, Jesus was a man.  He experienced all the same things we experience as He grew up.

a.   Spiritual  Growth

Just like us, he needed to take time away to be alone with God.  He needed to listen to teachers and ask questions to grow in understanding spiritual concepts.  He needed to develop a prayer life and take time to listen to God.  He depended on the Holy Spirit to direct and guide each action He took, each Word He spoke.

b.   Physical  Development

He was born a baby.  He was circumcised and dedicated to God by his parents.  He grew up and experienced all the same awkward physical moments any young boy would experience.

c.   Social  Skills

He needed to develop social skills.  This included learning to be obedient and respectful of others.  It meant spending time with others in conversation, so he could learn to communicate well with others.  I believe this includes a sense of humor.  The ability to laugh and to tease.  Remember, this is the man who named two of his best friends, Sons of Thunder.  I would say he liked to tease.

d.   Intellectually , in knowledge and wisdom

He also went to school.  He learned to read and write.  He learned about history, the Law, prophecy, and all other types of things a boy growing up would be taught.  He grew in knowledge and then he needed to learn wise applications.
Just as those skills were important to his upbringing, they are for us as well.  I do not believe we will ever stop learning. In fact, I believe we will be learning new things in heaven.  I suspect all through eternity, we will continue to learn new things. Best of all, I believe a big part of that learning will include our knowledge of God. No matter how long we hold a relationship with someone, there is always something more we can learn about them.  That is part of the fun of the journey called relationships.  I believe that God has so many facets to His person, His nature, and His Character and powers, that a good part of our eternal life will be discovering more about Him, all the while growing in our relationship with Him.  It is an experience I am looking forward to and I hope you have the same desire.
Prayer
Worship Set
Benediction
Related Media
See more
Related Sermons
See more
Earn an accredited degree from Redemption Seminary with Logos.